Words with Mythic Roots

Back to Mr. Trevenen's Home Page

Return to the Mythology Home Page

The vast majority of these words and definitions were taken from Vocabulary for the College Bound Student by Harold Levine, published by Amsco School Publications, Inc., 1964.

To find the definition and derivation of any of the words found below, click your mouse on the word. To return to the word list after you have found the information, click your mouse on the Back Button of your browser.

Adonis

aegis

amazon

ambrosia

atlas

auroral

bacchanalia

chimerical

Draconian

Elysian

hector

herculean

hermetic

iridescent

jovial

labyrinthine

laconic

lethargic

lethal

martial

mentor

mercurial

myrmidon

nemesis

odyssey

paean

palladium

panic

phillipic

plutocracy

procrustean

protean

Pyrrhic

saturnine

siren

solon

stentorian

Sytgian

tantalize

terpsichorean

thespian

titanic


 

Adonis: a very handsome young man

from Adonis, a handsome youth loved by Aphrodite, goddess of love

aegis: shield or protection; auspices; sponsorship

from aegis, the protective shield of Zeus

amazon: tall, strong, woman

from the Amazons, a mythological race of women warriors

ambrosial: exceptionally pleasing to taste or smell; extremely delicious; excellent

from ambrosia, food of the gods

atlas: book of maps

from Atlas, a ginant who supported the heavens on his shoulders. The figure of Atlas supporting the world was prefaced to early map collections.

auroral: pertaining to or resembling the dawn; rosy

from Aurora, goddess of the dawn

bacchanalia: jovial or wild drunken party

from Bacchus, the god of wine

chimerical: fantastic; unreal; impossible; absurd

from the chimera, a fire-breathing monster with a lion's head, goat's body, and serpent's tail

Draconian: cruel; harsh; severe

from Dracon an Athenian lawmaker who drew up a harsh code of laws

Elysian: delightful; blissful; heavenly

from Elysium, the mythological paradise where the brave and good live after death

hector: bully; intimidate with threats; bluster

from Hector, bravest of the Trojans who yelled at and insulted the Greeks from atop his walls

herculean: very difficult; requiring the strength of Hercules

from Hercules, hero of superhuman strength

hermetic: airtight Example: Coffee is hermetically sealed to preserve freshness.

from Hermes, who was also god of magic

iridescent: having colors like the rainbow

from Iris, goddess of the rainbow

jovial: jolly; merry; good-humored

from Jove or Jupiter. The planet Jupiter was believed to make persons born under its influence cheerful or jovial.

labyrinthine: full of confusing passageways; maze-like; intricate

from the Labyrinth, a maze in a Crete mountain that housed the Minotour

laconic: using words sparingly; terse; concise; like a streotypical New Englander

from Lakonikos, meaning "Spartan." The Spartans were known for their terseness. This is not really a mythic allusion because the Spartans were real and not fabled.

lethargic: unnaturally drowsy; sluggish; dull

from the river Lethe in Hades whose waters, when drunk, caused forgetfulness.

lethal: deadly

from the river Lethe in Hades whose waters, when drunk, caused forgetfulness of the living

martial: pertaining to war; warlike

from Mars, god of war

mentor: a wise and trusted adviser

from Mentor, to whom Odysseus entrusted the education of his son

mercurial: quick; vivacious; active; lively

from Mercury, the speedy messenger of the gods

myrmidon: obedient and unquestioning follower

from the Myrmidons, a martial tribe who accompanied Achilles to the Trojan War

nemesis: a source of harm or failure; an unconquerable opponent

from Nemesis, goddess of vengeance

odyssey: a long series of wanderings or travels

from Odysseus who wandered for ten years on his way home from the Trojan War

paean: a song or hymn of praise

a paean was a hymn in praise of Apollo, the god of deliverance

palladium: safeguard or protection

from Palladium, the statue of Pallas Athena, which was thought to protect the city of Troy

panic: unreasoning, sudden fright that grips a multitude

from Pan, a god believed to cause fear

philippic: a bitter denunciation; a long, harsh verbal attack

from the Philippics, speechesmade by Demosthenes denouncing King Philip of Macedonia. This is not considered a mythic allusion because Demosthenes actually existed.

plutocracy: a society ruled by the wealthy

from Pluto, Roman god of wealth

procrustean: cruel or inflexible in enforcing conformity. Example: In Alice in Wonderland, the Red Queen's procrustean order was "Off with their heads!" to every offense.

from Procrustes, a robber who made his victims fit the length of his bed, either stretching them if they were too short, or cutting off their legs if they were too tall

protean: readily changing into different shapes or styles. Example: Kevin Spacey acting ability is protean. Every time I see him in a film he seems to have a completely different personality.

from Proteus, a sea god who could readily change his shape to elude capture

Pyrrhic: ruinous; gained at too great a cost. Example: Model Ingrid Svenson was a Pyrrhic success at thirteen, because the damage she did to her body to achieve her figure ruined her health and she died at nineteen.

from Pyrrhus, who suffered enormous losses in a victory over the Romans

saturnine: heavy; dull; gloomy; morose; sad; solemn

from Saturn, father of Jupiter, whose name is associated ay alchemists with lead

siren: a dangerous, attractive woman or a woman who sings sweetly

from the Sirens, creatures half woman and half bird, whose sweet singing lured sailors to destruction on the rocks

solon: a legislator; a wise law giver

from Solon, a noted Athenian lawgiver. This is not considered a mythic allusion because Solon actually existed.

stentorian: very loud. Example: Mr. Trevenen's lessons are stentorian.

from Stentor, a legendary herald whose voice was as loud as fifty voices

Stygian: infernal; dark; gloomy; hellishly dark

from Styx, a river of the lower world leading into Hades

tantalize: to excite a hope but prevent its fulfillment; tease

from Tantalus, who was kept hungry and thirsty in the lower world with food and water very near but just beyond his reach

terpsichorean: pertaining to dancing

from Terpsichore, the muse of dancing

thespian: pertaining to the drama or acting

from Thespis, reputed father of Greek drama. This is not considered a mythic allusion because Thespis actually existed.

titanic: of enormous strength or size or power

from the Titans, lawless, powerful giants defeated by Zeus